A client has active TB. Which of the following symptoms will he exhibit?
A. Chest and lower back pain.
B. Chills, fever, night sweats, and hemoptysis.
C. Fever of more than 104*F and nausea.
D. Headache and photophobia.
Correct Answer: B. Chills, fever, night sweats, and hemoptysis
Typical signs and symptoms are chills, fever, night sweats, and hemoptysis. Constitutional symptoms like fever, weight loss, lymphadenopathy, and night sweats are commonly reported. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis can affect any organ and can have a varied presentation. In pulmonary tuberculosis, the most commonly reported symptom is a chronic cough. Cough most of the time is productive, sometimes mixed with blood.
Option A: Chest pain may be present from coughing, but isn’t usual. Secondary tuberculosis differs in clinical presentation from the primary progressive disease. In secondary disease, the tissue reaction and hypersensitivity is more severe, and patients usually form cavities in the upper portion of the lungs.
Option C: Clients with TB typically have low-grade fevers, not higher than 102*F. A chronic cough, hemoptysis, weight loss, low-grade fever, and night sweats are some of the most common physical findings in pulmonary tuberculosis.
Option D: Nausea, headache, and photophobia aren’t usual TB symptoms. Pulmonary or systemic dissemination of the tubercles may be seen in active disease, and this may manifest as miliary tuberculosis characterized by millet-shaped lesions on chest x-ray. Disseminated tuberculosis may also be seen in the spine, the central nervous system, or the bowel.
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