Which of the following foods should the nurse teach a client with heart failure to avoid or limit when following a 2-gram sodium diet?
A. Apples
B. Tomato juice
C. Whole wheat bread
D. Beef tenderloin
Correct Answer: B. Tomato juice
Canned foods and juices, such as tomato juice, are typically high in sodium and should be avoided on a sodium-restricted diet. Canned and processed foods, such as gravies, instant cereal, packaged noodles, and potato mixes, olives, pickles, soups, and vegetables are high in salt. Choose the frozen item instead; or better yet, choose fresh foods when you can. Cheeses, cured meats (such as bacon, bologna, hot dogs, and sausages), fast foods, and frozen foods also may contain a lot of sodium.
Option A: Choose plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables. They contain only small amounts of salt. Check the nutrition facts on the label for sodium content per serving. Find out the number of servings in the package. How does the sodium in each serving compare to the total sodium you can eat each day? Try to pick packaged foods with a sodium content of less than 350 milligrams for each serving.
Option C: Be careful with condiments. High-sodium condiments include various flavored salts, lemon pepper, garlic salt, onion salt, meat tenderizers, flavor enhancers, bouillon cubes, catsup, mustard, steak sauce and soy sauce.
Option D: Choose foods that are low in salt, such as fresh meats, poultry, fish, dry and fresh legumes, eggs, milk, and yogurt. Plain rice, pasta, and oatmeal are good low-sodium choices. However, the sodium content can increase if salt or other high-sodium ingredients are added during their preparation.
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