A client with anemia may be tired due to a tissue deficiency of which of the following substances?
A. Carbon dioxide
B. Factor VIII
C. Oxygen
D. T-cell antibodies
Correct Answer: C. Oxygen
Anemia stems from a decreased number of red blood cells and the resulting deficiency in oxygen and body tissues. Hemoglobin is an iron-rich protein that helps red blood cells carry oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. If the client has anemia, the body does not get enough oxygen-rich blood. This can cause him to feel tired or weak. He may also have shortness of breath, dizziness, headaches, or an irregular heartbeat.
Option A: In the human body, carbon dioxide is formed intracellularly as a byproduct of metabolism. CO2 is transported in the bloodstream to the lungs where it is ultimately removed from the body through exhalation. CO2 plays various roles in the human body including regulation of blood pH, respiratory drive, and affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen (O2).
Option B: Clotting factors, such as factor VIII, relate to the body’s ability to form blood clots and aren’t related to anemia. Clotting factors are arguably the crux and most essential components of hemostasis. Hemostasis is the body’s physiological response to vascular endothelial injury, which results in a series of processes that attempt to retain blood within the vascular system through the formation of a clot.
Option D: T cells are a diverse and important group of lymphocytes that mature and undergo positive and negative selection processes in the thymus. These cells play a vital role in both components of active immunity, including cell-mediated and to some extent humoral immunity.
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