Body fluids perform which of the following functions?
A. Transport nutrients
B. Transport electrical charges
C. Cushion the organs
D. Facilitate fat metabolism
Correct Answer: A. Transport nutrients
Body fluids facilitate the transport of nutrients, hormones, proteins, and other molecules. Fluid moves throughout cellular environments in the body by passively crossing semipermeable membranes. The exact chemical composition of body fluid is highly variable. This is dependent on which portion of the body, as well as which organ of the body, contains the fluid.
Option B: All body fluids should have an ionic net electrical charge close to zero, indicating a balance of cations and anions. Ionic components will diffuse through fluids selectively depending on the presence of permeable membranes. If a membrane is non-permeable to an ion, this creates a gradient of relatively higher concentration osmolarity.
Option C: The distribution of fluid throughout the body can be broken down into two general categories: intracellular fluid and extracellular fluid. Intracellular fluid is approximately 40% of the total body weight. It is the total space within cells primarily defined as the cytoplasm of cells.
Option D: Extracellular fluid and interstitial fluid are similar in composition. Extracellular spaces contain high concentrations of sodium, chloride, bicarbonate, and proteins but are relatively lower in potassium, magnesium, and phosphate. Interstitial fluids physiologically tend to have a low concentration of proteins. Intracellular fluids tend to be inversed with high levels of phosphate, magnesium, potassium, and proteins but lower sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate.
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