Nurse Martha is teaching her students about bacterial control. Which intervention is the most important factor in preventing the spread of microorganisms?
A. Maintenance of asepsis with indwelling catheter insertion.
B. Use of masks, gowns, and gloves when caring for clients with infection.
C. Correct handwashing technique.
D. Cleanup of blood spills with sodium hydrochloride.
Correct Answer: C. Correct handwashing technique.
Handwashing remains the most effective procedure for controlling microorganisms and the incidence of nosocomial infections. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), hand hygiene is the single most important practice in the reduction of the transmission of infection in the healthcare setting. According to the CDC, hand hygiene encompasses the cleansing of your hands with soap and water, antiseptic hand washes, antiseptic hand rubs such as alcohol-based hand sanitizers, foams or gels, or surgical hand antisepsis.
Option A: Aseptic technique is essential with invasive procedures, including indwelling catheters. The purpose of creating a sterile field is to reduce the number of microbes present to as few as possible. The sterile field is used in many situations outside the operating room as well as inside the operating room when performing surgical cases.
Option B: Masks, gowns, and gloves are necessary only when the likelihood of exposure to blood or body fluids is high. Personal protective equipment serves as a barrier to protect the skin, mucous membranes, airway, and clothing. It includes gowns, gloves, masks, and face shields or goggles.
Option D: Spills of blood from clients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome should be cleaned with sodium hydrochloride. Standard precautions apply to the care of all patients, irrespective of their disease state. These precautions apply when there is a risk of potential exposure to blood; all body fluids, secretions, and excretions, except sweat, regardless of whether or not they contain visible blood; non-intact skin, and mucous membranes.
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