Which neurotransmitter is responsible for many of the functions of the frontal lobe?
A. Dopamine
B. GABA
C. Histamine
D. Norepinephrine
Correct Answer: A. Dopamine
The frontal lobe primarily functions to regulate thinking, planning, and affect. Dopamine is known to circulate widely throughout this lobe, which is why it’s such an important neurotransmitter in schizophrenia. Dopamine receptors play an essential role in daily life functions. This hormone and its receptors affect movement, emotions and the reward system in the brain.
Option B: Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is an amino acid that serves as the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain and a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the spinal cord. It exerts its primary function in the synapse between neurons by binding to postsynaptic GABA receptors which modulate ion channels, hyperpolarizing the cell and inhibiting the transmission of an action potential.
Option C: Histamine regulates a variety of physiological functions by playing a key role in the inflammatory response of the body. It also has a vital role in various pathomechanisms of inflammatory diseases, which have led to the identification of novel histamine receptors over the years and greater recognition of its functions in the immune system.
Option D: The adrenergic receptors linked to blood vessels have an especially high affinity for norepinephrine relative to the other amines. Further musculoskeletal actions of catecholamines include enhanced contractility of cardiac muscle (via beta-1 receptors), contraction of the pupillary dilator (via alpha-1 receptors), piloerection (via alpha-1 receptors), and relaxation of smooth muscle in the gastrointestinal tract, urinary tract, and bronchioles (via beta-2 receptors).
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