Which of the following characteristics is typical of the pain associated with DVT?
A. Dull ache
B. No pain
C. Sudden onset
D. Tingling
Correct Answer: C. Sudden onset
DVT is associated with deep leg pain of sudden onset, which occurs secondary to the occlusion. A deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) is a blood clot that forms within the deep veins, usually of the leg, but can occur in the veins of the arms and the mesenteric and cerebral veins. Deep-vein thrombosis is a common and important disease.
Option A: A dull ache is more commonly associated with varicose veins. Deep-vein thrombosis and pulmonary emboli are common and often “silent” and thus go undiagnosed or are only picked up at autopsy. Therefore, the incidence and prevalence are often underestimated.
Option C: If the thrombus is large enough, it will cause pain. DVT is part of the venous thromboembolism disorders which represent the third most common cause of death from cardiovascular disease after heart attacks and stroke. Even in patients who do not get pulmonary emboli, recurrent thrombosis and “post-thrombotic syndrome” are major cause of morbidity.
Option D: A tingling sensation is associated with an alteration in arterial blood flow. The triggers of venous thrombosis are frequently multifactorial, with the different parts of the triad of Virchow contributing in varying degrees in each patient, but all result in early thrombus interaction with the endothelium. This then stimulates local cytokine production and causes leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium, both of which promote venous thrombosis.
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