Which goal of the client’s care should take priority during the first days of hospitalization for an exacerbation of ulcerative colitis?
A. Promoting self-care and independence.
B. Managing diarrhea.
C. Maintaining adequate nutrition.
D. Promoting rest and comfort.
Correct Answer: B. Managing diarrhea
Diarrhea is the primary symptom in an exacerbation of ulcerative colitis, and decreasing the frequency of stools is the first goal of treatment. Observe and record stool frequency, characteristics, amount, and precipitating factors. The other goals are ongoing and will be best achieved by halting the exacerbation. The client may receive antidiarrheal medications, antispasmodic agents, bulk hydrophilic agents, or anti-inflammatory drugs.
Option A: Include patient and SO in team conferences to develop an individualized program. Promotes continuity of care and enables the patient and SO to feel a part of the plan, imparting a sense of control and increasing cooperation with the therapeutic regimen.
Option C: Identify and restrict foods and fluids that precipitate diarrhea (vegetables and fruits, whole-grain cereals, condiments, carbonated drinks, milk products). Avoiding intestinal irritants promotes intestinal rest and reduces intestinal workload.
Option D: Encourage use of stress management skills, (relaxation techniques, visualization, guided imagery, deep-breathing exercises). Refocuses attention, promotes relaxation, and enhances coping abilities.
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