Type A chronic gastritis can be distinguished from type B by its ability to:
A. Cause atrophy of the parietal cells.
B. Affect only the antrum of the stomach.
C. Thin the lining of the stomach walls.
D. Decrease gastric secretions.
Correct Answer: A. Cause atrophy of the parietal cells.
Type A causes changes in parietal cells. Type A is caused by the immune system destroying stomach cells. And it can increase the risk of vitamin deficiencies, anemia, and cancer. Chronic gastritis occurs when the stomach lining becomes inflamed. Bacteria, consuming too much alcohol, certain medications, chronic stress, or other immune system problems can lead to inflammation.
Option B: Type B, the most common type, is caused by Helicobacter pylori bacteria, and can cause stomach ulcers, intestinal ulcers, and cancer. Because chronic gastritis occurs over a long period of time it gradually wears away at the stomach lining. And it can cause metaplasia or dysplasia. These are precancerous changes in the cells that can lead to cancer if untreated.
Option C: Type C is caused by chemical irritants like NSAIDs, alcohol, or bile. And it can also cause stomach lining erosion and bleeding. When inflammation occurs, the stomach lining changes and loses some of its protective cells. It may also cause early satiety. This is where the stomach feels full after eating just a few bites of food.
Option D: A stressful lifestyle or a traumatic experience can decrease the stomach’s ability to protect itself. In addition, the risk increases if the patient has autoimmune diseases or certain illnesses like Crohn’s disease.
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