When instructing the female client diagnosed with hyperparathyroidism about diet, nurse Gina should stress the importance of which of the following?
A. Restricting fluids
B. Restricting sodium
C. Forcing fluids
D. Restricting potassium
Correct Answer: C. Forcing fluids
The client should be encouraged to force fluids to prevent renal calculi formation. Drink enough fluids, mostly water, to produce nearly clear urine to lessen the risk of kidney stones. Avoid calcium-raising drugs. Certain medications, including some diuretics and lithium, can raise calcium levels. If taking such drugs, ask the doctor whether another medication may be appropriate.
Option A: Drink plenty of water to prevent kidney stones associated with hyperparathyroidism. Treatment of mild primary hyperparathyroidism includes preventive measures and regular visits to the health care professional to monitor the client’s condition.
Option B: Sodium should be encouraged to replace losses in urine. Sodium and calcium homeostasis are tightly regulated by endocrine systems. Of particular importance are effects of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) on sodium and of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and vitamin D on calcium homeostasis.
Option D: Restricting potassium isn’t necessary in hyperparathyroidism. Monitor how much calcium and vitamin D is in the diet. Restricting dietary calcium intake isn’t advised for people with hyperparathyroidism. The daily recommended amount of calcium for adults ages 19 to 50 and men ages 51 to 70 is 1,000 milligrams (mg) of calcium a day. That calcium recommendation increases to 1,200 mg a day for women age 51 and older and men age 71 and older.
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