An external insulin pump is prescribed for a client with DM. The client asks the nurse about the functioning of the pump. The nurse bases the response on the information that the pump:
A. Gives a small continuous dose of regular insulin subcutaneously, and the client can self-administer a bolus with an additional dosage from the pump before each meal.
B. It is timed to release programmed doses of regular or NPH insulin into the bloodstream at specific intervals.
C. It is surgically attached to the pancreas and infuses regular insulin into the pancreas, which in turn releases the insulin into the bloodstream.
D. It continuously infuses small amounts of NPH insulin into the bloodstream while regularly monitoring blood glucose levels.
Correct Answer: A. Gives a small continuous dose of regular insulin subcutaneously, and the client can self-administer a bolus with an additional dosage from the pump before each meal.
An insulin pump provides a small continuous dose of regular insulin subcutaneously throughout the day and night, and the client can self-administer a bolus with additional dosage from the pump before each meal as needed. Regular insulin is used in an insulin pump.
Option B: Pumps are designed to mimic the natural insulin delivery of the pancreas by continuously delivering short-acting insulin at a basal rate required for maintaining control of blood glucose when fasting. This rate can be set on an hourly basis allowing for tighter control of blood sugars throughout the day.
Option C: An external pump is not attached surgically to the pancreas. The Artificial Pancreas Device System is a system of devices that closely mimics the glucose regulating function of a healthy pancreas. Most Artificial Pancreas Device Systems consist of three types of devices already familiar to many people with diabetes: a continuous glucose monitoring system (CGM) and an insulin infusion pump. A blood glucose device (such as a glucose meter) is used to calibrate the CGM.
Option D: The artificial pancreas, also known as closed-loop control, is an “all-in-one” diabetes management system that tracks blood glucose levels using a continuous glucose monitor (CGM) and automatically delivers the hormone insulin when needed using an insulin pump.
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