Nurse Pira is explaining to the client about type 2 diabetes mellitus. Risk factors of such condition include all of the following, except:
A. Advanced age
B. Physical inactivity
C. Obesity
D. Smoking
Correct Answer: D. Smoking
Additional risk factors for type 2 diabetes are a family history of diabetes, impaired glucose metabolism, history of gestational diabetes, and race/ethnicity. African-Americans, Hispanics/Latinos, Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians, Pacific Islanders, and Native Americans are at greater risk of developing diabetes than whites.
Option A: Older adults are at high risk for the development of type 2 diabetes due to the combined effects of increasing insulin resistance and impaired pancreatic islet function with aging. Age-related insulin resistance appears to be primarily associated with adiposity, sarcopenia, and physical inactivity, which may partially explain the disproportionate success of the intensive lifestyle intervention in older participants in the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP).
Option B: Physical inactivity alone is estimated to cause 7% of the burden of type 2 diabetes in the European Region, and overweight and obesity account for an estimated 65–80% of new cases of diabetes. Children need at least one hour of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity every day.
Option C: In obese individuals, the amount of nonesterified fatty acids, glycerol, hormones, cytokines, pro-inflammatory markers, and other substances that are involved in the development of insulin resistance, is increased. The pathogenesis in the development of diabetes is based on the fact that the ?-islet cells of the pancreas are impaired, causing a lack of control of blood glucose.
No comments:
Post a Comment