Sodium levels are affected by the secretion of which of the following hormones?
A. Progesterone and aldosterone
B. ADH and ACTH
C. Antidiuretic hormone and FSH
D. ECF and aldosterone
Correct Answer: B. ADH and ACTH
The endocrine system secretes aldosterone and ADH to help regulate sodium levels. The pituitary secretes adrenocorticotropic hormone to help regulate sodium. Vasopressin or antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or arginine vasopressin (AVP) is a nonapeptide synthesized in the hypothalamus. Science has known it to play essential roles in the control of the body’s osmotic balance, blood pressure regulation, sodium homeostasis, and kidney functioning. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is a tropic hormone produced by the anterior pituitary. The hypothalamic-pituitary axis controls it. ACTH regulates cortisol and androgen production.
Option A: Progesterone is a reproductive hormone. Progesterone is an endogenous steroid hormone that is commonly produced by the adrenal cortex as well as the gonads, which consist of the ovaries and the testes. Progesterone is also secreted by the ovarian corpus luteum during the first ten weeks of pregnancy, followed by the placenta in the later phase of pregnancy.
Option C: FSH is a reproductive hormone. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is a hormone produced by the anterior pituitary in response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus. FSH plays a role in sexual development and reproduction in both males and females.
Option D: ECF is not a hormone. Extracellular fluid (ECF) denotes all body fluid outside the cells of any multicellular organism. The main component of the extracellular fluid is the interstitial fluid that surrounds cells.
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