Which client factors should alert the nurse to potential increased complications with a burn injury?
A. The client is a 26-year-old male.
B. The client has had a burn injury in the past.
C. The burned areas include the hands and perineum.
D. The burn took place in an open field and ignited the client’s clothing.
Correct Answer: C. The burned areas include the hands and perineum.
Burns of the perineum increase the risk for sepsis. Burns of the hands require special attention to ensure the best functional outcome. Complications are related to the extension of the burn. Burns to the genitalia and perineum are severe conditions that all urologists should be familiar with and know how to manage. Fluid resuscitation is the initial step in treating these patients and is followed by topical dressings in the case of superficial burns.
Option A: Irrespective of the type of burn injury, the aged population shows slower recoveries and suffers more complications. Age-associated immune dysfunction, immunosenescence, may predispose the elderly burn patients to more infections, slower healing, and/or to other complications.
Option B: Accordingly, patients with burn injury cannot be considered recovered when the wounds have healed; instead, burn injury leads to long-term profound alterations that must be addressed to optimize quality of life.
Option D: Burns to the genitals correspond to approximately 2% of all burn patients in North American case series. The majority of those cases are associated with greater burned body surface areas, in which direct fire and scalding are the most frequent causes. Burn management begins with opportune diagnosis and entails making the correct classification, depending on the depth of the lesion.
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