The dialysis solution is warmed before use in peritoneal dialysis primarily to:
A. Encourage the removal of serum urea.
B. Force potassium back into the cells.
C. Add extra warmth into the body.
D. Promote abdominal muscle relaxation.
Correct Answer: A. Encourage the removal of serum urea.
The main reason for warming the peritoneal dialysis solution is that the warm solution helps dilate peritoneal vessels, which increases urea clearance. Warm dialysate to body temperature before infusing. Warming the solution increases the rate of urea removal by dilating peritoneal vessels. Cold dialysate causes vasoconstriction, which can cause discomfort and excessively lower the core body temperature, precipitating cardiac arrest.
Option B: The warmed solution does not force potassium into the cells. Monitor serum sodium. Hypernatremia may be present, although serum levels may reflect dilutional effect of fluid volume overload.
Option C: Warmed dialyzing solution also contributes to client comfort by preventing chilly sensations, but this is a secondary reason for warming the solution. Note reports of discomfort that is most pronounced near the end of inflow and instill no more than 2000 mL of solution at a single time.
Option D: The warmed solution does not promote abdominal muscle relaxation. Explain that initial discomfort usually subsides after the first few exchanges. Monitor for pain that begins during inflow and continues during equilibration phase. Slow infusion rate as indicated.
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