Which of the following diagnostic tools is most commonly used to determine the location of myocardial damage?
A. Cardiac catheterization
B. Cardiac enzymes
C. Echocardiogram
D. Electrocardiogram (ECG)
Correct Answer: D. Electrocardiogram (ECG)
The ECG is the quickest, most accurate, and most widely used tool to determine the location of myocardial infarction. ECG is an effective tool to distinguish between acute MI and the myocardial ischemia that usually precedes it, as not all patients with myocardial ischemia will develop MI. Transitioning from ischemia to infarction results in precise sequential electrical abnormalities captured on ECG.
Option A: Cardiac catheterization is an invasive study for determining coronary artery disease and may also indicate the location of myocardial damage, but the study may not be performed immediately. Cardiac catheterization is performed for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Despite significant advancement in non-invasive cardiac imaging, it remains the standard for the measurement of cardiac hemodynamics.
Option B: Cardiac enzymes are used to diagnose MI but can’t determine the location. Cardiac troponins are specific and sensitive biomarkers of cardiac ischemia, and they are the preferred blood test in the evaluation of patients suspected to have acute MI. There are sensitive and highly sensitive assays to detect cardiac troponin levels in the blood.
Option C: An echocardiogram is used most widely to view myocardial wall function after an MI has been diagnosed. Echocardiography is one of the most commonly used, non-invasive methods for looking at cardiac anatomy. Echocardiography is used to provide thin cross-sections of cardiac structures, this includes; left and right
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