When administered a thrombolytic drug to the client experiencing an MI, the nurse explains to him that the purpose of this drug is to:
A. Help keep him well hydrated.
B. Dissolve clots he may have.
C. Prevent kidney failure.
D. Treat potential cardiac arrhythmias.
Correct Answer: B. Dissolve clots he may have.
Thrombolytic drugs are administered within the first 6 hours after onset of an MI to lyse clots and reduce the extent of myocardial damage. Thrombolytics or fibrinolytics are a group of medications used in the management and treatment of dissolving intravascular clots. They are in the plasminogen activator class of drugs.
Option A: Thrombolytics do not hydrate. Thrombolytic treatment is also known as fibrinolytic or thrombolysis, to dissolve dangerous intravascular clots to prevent ischemic damage by improving blood flow. Thrombosis is a significant physiological response that limits hemorrhage caused by large or tiny vascular injury.
Option C: Thrombolytics do not prevent kidney failure. The physiological hemostatic response is well-controlled by intrinsic antithrombotic properties and fibrinolysis. Thrombus formation is supposed to be confined to localized areas of tissue injury. Any intravascular thrombus without damage that impedes the blood flow is considered abnormal.
Option D: Thrombolytics do not treat potential cardiac arrhythmias. The end goal of this therapy is to convert plasminogen into plasmin which is accomplished at the location of the thrombus and on the surface of fibrin by the binding of tPA to plasminogen. This binding helps the conversion.
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