A client with which of the following conditions may be likely to develop rectal cancer?
A. Adenomatous polyps
B. Diverticulitis
C. Hemorrhoids
D. Peptic ulcer disease
Correct Answer: A. Adenomatous polyps
A client with adenomatous polyps has a higher risk of developing rectal cancer than others do. Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), a rare disorder that causes hundreds or even thousands of polyps to develop in the lining of the colon beginning during teenage years. If the polyps aren’t treated, the risk of developing colorectal cancer is nearly 100 percent, usually before age 40.
Option B: Clients with diverticulitis are more likely to develop colon cancer. The risk of colorectal cancer is increased in the short-term period after hospitalization related to diverticular disease. According to a recent systematic review and meta-analysis, the prevalence of colorectal cancer is 1.6% in patients with acute diverticulitis who underwent colonoscopy.
Option C: Hemorrhoids don’t increase the chance of any type of cancer. For many, cancer is the first thing that comes to mind when experiencing blood in their stool for the first time. While colorectal cancer can cause similar symptoms, hemorrhoids are far more common. As uncomfortable as hemorrhoids can be, they’re easily treatable and don’t cause cancer.
Option D: Clients with peptic ulcer disease have a higher incidence of gastric cancer. Helicobacter pylori infection, now considered to be a cause of gastric cancer, is also strongly associated with gastric and duodenal ulcer disease. The discovery of these relations has brought the long-controversial connection between peptic ulcers and gastric cancer into focus.
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