Nurse Louie is developing a teaching plan for a male client diagnosed with diabetes insipidus. The nurse should include information about which hormone lacking in clients with diabetes insipidus?
A. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH).
B. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).
C. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).
D. Luteinizing hormone (LH).
Correct Answer: A. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH).
ADH is the hormone clients with diabetes insipidus lack. The client’s TSH, FSH, and LH levels won’t be affected. Diabetes insipidus (DI) is a disease process that results in either decreased release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH, also known as vasopressin or AVP) or decreased response to ADH, causing electrolyte imbalances. There are two types of diabetes insipidus, central and nephrogenic, and each has congenital and acquired causes. There is a passage of large volumes of dilute urine (less than 300m Osm/kg) in all cases.
Option B: Hypothyroidism results from low levels of thyroid hormone with varied etiology and manifestations. Untreated hypothyroidism increases morbidity and mortality. In the United States, autoimmune thyroid disease (Hashimoto thyroiditis) is the most common cause of hypothyroidism, but globally lack of iodine in the diet is the most common cause.
Option C: A low FSH result is generally associated with better ovarian function. Higher levels are associated with diminished ovarian reserve, which makes pregnancy difficult. Most women have low FSH in their 20s, and levels increase naturally as women age.
Option D: Luteinizing hormone (LH) is a glycoprotein hormone secreted from the pituitary gland in response to the pulsatile release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus. Many conditions can cause its deficiency as a response to maintain homeostasis and as a response to hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal feedback regulation.
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