A male nurse is providing a bedtime snack for his patient. This is based on the knowledge that intermediate-acting insulins are effective for an approximate duration of:
A. 6-8 hours
B. 10-14 hours
C. 14-18 hours
D. 24-28 hours
Correct Answer: C. 14-18 hours
Intermediate-acting insulins include Humulin N and Novolin N. They have an onset of two to four hours, a peak of 4 to 12 hours, and a duration of 14 to 18 hours. They are absorbed more slowly, and last longer. They are also used to control the blood sugar overnight while fasting and between meals.
Option A: Regular or short-acting insulins include Humulin R and Novolin R. They have an onset of half an hour, a peak of two to three hours, and a duration of six to eight hours. The larger the dose of regular the faster the onset of action, but the longer the time to peak effect and the longer the duration of the effect.
Option B: NPH human insulin has an onset of insulin effect of 1 to 2 hours, a peak effect of 4 to 6 hours, and a duration of action of more than 12 hours. Very small doses will have an earlier peak effect and shorter duration of action, while higher doses will have a longer time to peak effect and prolonged duration.
Option D: Long-acting insulins include Levemir and Lantus. They have an onset of several hours, minimal or no peak, and a duration of 24 hours or more. The insulin effect plateaus over the next few hours and is followed by a relatively flat duration of action that lasts 12-24 hours for insulin detemir and 24 hours for insulin glargine.
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