A nurse is caring for a client admitted with diabetic retinopathy. Which of the following would the nurse expect to note on the assessment of this client:
A. Blurred or distorted vision
B. Flashes of lights or floaters
C. Sudden loss of vision
D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D. All of the above
Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes that is characterized by chronic and progressive damage to the retina. Symptoms include blurring of vision (due to macular edema), flashes of lights, and sudden loss of vision (due to retinal detachment).
Option A: Over time, diabetes damages small blood vessels throughout the body, including the retina. Diabetic retinopathy occurs when these tiny blood vessels leak blood and other fluids. This causes the retinal tissue to swell, resulting in cloudy or blurred vision.
Option B: The abnormal blood vessels associated with diabetic retinopathy stimulate the growth of scar tissue, which can pull the retina away from the back of the eye. This can cause spots floating in the vision, flashes of light, or severe vision loss.
Option C: Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes, caused by high blood sugar levels damaging the back of the eye (retina). It can cause blindness if left undiagnosed and untreated.
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