Annaliza has a nursing diagnosis of fluid volume deficit. Which one of the following medications could potentially exacerbate the problem?
A. Synthroid
B. Digoxin
C. Lasix
D. Insulin
Correct Answer: C. Lasix
Lasix will contribute to fluid loss through its action as a diuretic. The diuretic effect of furosemide can cause depletion of sodium, chloride, body water, and other minerals. Therefore, careful medical supervision is necessary during treatment. Furosemide (Lasix) is a potent diuretic (water pill) that is used to eliminate water and salt from the body. In the kidneys, salt (composed of sodium and chloride), water, and other small molecules normally are filtered out of the blood and into the tubules of the kidney. The filtered fluid ultimately becomes urine.
Option A: Oral levothyroxine is primarily indicated for the treatment of primary, secondary, and tertiary hypothyroidism. Levothyroxine (T4) is a synthetic version of one of the body’s natural thyroid hormones: thyroxine (T4). Normally, the hypothalamus secretes thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), which then stimulates the anterior pituitary to secrete thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which subsequently stimulates the thyroid to secrete 80% thyroxine (T4) and 20% L-triiodothyronine (T3).
Option B: Digoxin increases the force of contraction of the heart by reversibly inhibiting the activity of the myocardial Na-K ATPase pump, an enzyme that controls the movement of ions into the heart. Digoxin has vagomimetic effects on the AV node. By stimulating the parasympathetic nervous system, it slows electrical conduction in the atrioventricular node, therefore, decreases the heart rate.
Option D: Insulin is a medication used in the treatment and management of diabetes mellitus type-1 and sometimes diabetes mellitus type-2, both of which are a significant risk factor for coronary artery disease, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, and a host of other vascular conditions.
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