The nurse is reviewing the physician’s orders for a client with Meniere’s disease. Which diet will most likely be prescribed?
A. Low-cholesterol diet
B. Low-sodium diet
C. Low-carbohydrate diet
D. Low-fat diet
Correct Answer: B. Low-sodium diet.
Dietary changes such as salt and fluid restrictions that reduce the amount of endolymphatic fluid sometimes are prescribed. Foods with high sugar or salt content cause water retention, which can worsen symptoms of Meniere’s disease. Sugar prompts an insulin response from the body, and insulin retains sodium. Sodium causes the body to retain water.
Option A: It is unnecessary to place the client on a low cholesterol diet. Water retention makes Meniere’s disease worse, but this doesn’t mean the client should stop drinking fluids. It’s more important that he avoids fluids that contain large amounts of sugar and salt, such as soda or concentrated juices, which makes one retain water.
Option C: Carbohydrates should not be decreased from the client’s diet. People with Meniere’s disease should aim for less than 2,300 mg of sodium each day, according to the Mayo Clinic. Intake should be spread evenly throughout the day. Much more than that will cause water retention.
Option D: Caffeine, not fat, should be avoided because it’s a stimulant and can make tinnitus louder. Caffeine and alcohol also interfere with the body’s ability to regulate fluid levels, which can make the inner ear worse, causing headaches, pressure, and vertigo.
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