Nurse Kate is providing dietary instructions to a male client with hypoglycemia. To control hypoglycemic episodes, the nurse should recommend:
A. Increasing saturated fat intake and fasting in the afternoon.
B. Increasing intake of vitamins B and D and taking iron supplements.
C. Eating a candy bar if lightheadedness occurs.
D. Consuming a low-carbohydrate, high protein diet and avoiding fasting.
Correct Answer: D. Consuming a low-carbohydrate, high protein diet and avoiding fasting.
To control hypoglycemic episodes, the nurse should instruct the client to consume a low-carbohydrate, high protein diet, avoid fasting and avoid simple sugars. Increasing saturated fat intake and increasing vitamin supplementation wouldn’t help control hypoglycemia. A person experiencing a minor case of low blood sugar can consume 15–20 grams (g) of fast-acting carbohydrates, such as a small glass of fruit juice or a few crackers.
Option A: Lunch should be a small meal but packed with protein, healthful fats, and complex carbohydrates that will continue to release energy slowly. It is necessary for a person with hypoglycemia to be aware of the glycemic index or GI of the foods they eat. Some foods that appear to be healthful may have a high GI. Fortunately, there is often an alternative that has a lower GI.
Option B: People with hypoglycemia should try to include small, nutritious snacks in between meals to keep blood sugar levels constant and ensure they are having enough vitamins, minerals, healthy fats, proteins, and fibrous carbohydrates in their diet. It is important to remember that people who exercise regularly may need to eat more frequently, as strenuous or sustained physical activity can cause blood sugar levels to drop.
Option C: It is advisable to limit intake of fruit juices in the morning and stick to juices that do not have added sugar, as these may cause blood sugar levels to become unstable. Cinnamon is thought to help reduce blood sugar levels and can be sprinkled on many breakfast foods.
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