A client, age 41, visits the gynecologist. After examining her, the physician suspects cervical cancer. The nurse reviews the client’s history for risk factors for this disease. Which history finding is a risk factor for cervical cancer?
A. Pregnancy complicated with eclampsia at age 27
B. Spontaneous abortion at age 19
C. Onset of sporadic sexual activity at age 17
D. Human papillomavirus infection at age 32
Correct Answer: D. Human papillomavirus infection at age 32
Option D: Like other viral and bacterial venereal infections, human papillomavirus is a risk factor for cervical cancer. Other risk factors for this disease include multiple sex partners, multiple pregnancies, long-term use of oral contraceptives and diethylstilbestrol (DES).
Options A and B: A spontaneous abortion and pregnancy complicated by eclampsia aren’t risk factors for cervical cancer.
Option C: Risk factors for this disease include frequent sexual intercourse before age 16.
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